Endocrine Abstracts

Maintenance of ketosis and increases in resting energy expenditure (EE) are two proposed mechanisms for weight loss observed in humans performing low-carbohydrate/high-fat (LC-HF) diets like the Atkin’s diet. To explore these potential mechanisms, we pair-fed isocaloric amounts of regular chow (CH) or two LC-HF diets (carbohydrates~1%ME) to male Wistar rats for 4 weeks. LC-HF-1 (fat~66%ME) was matched in protein content to CH, whereas LC-HF-2 was even higher in fat (~94%M...

Abstract: Inflammation plays a contributing role in the pathogenesis of several metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes and obesity. Intriguingly, obesogenic diets induce markers of hypothalamic inflammation and neuronal injury in both rodents and humans, suggesting that targeting inflammatory pathways in the hypothalamus might represent a novel strategy to control energy metabolism. Unfortunately, the majority of steroid-based anti-inflammatory drugs are fraught with a...

Objectives: Premature estrogen deficiency and menopause are associated with increases in body weight and fat mass. Ovariectomized (OVX) mice also show reduced locomotor activity. Because glucose-dependent-insulinotropic-polypeptide (GIP) is known to play an important role both in fat metabolism and locomotor activity, we hypothesized that effects of estrogen on the regulation of body weight, fat mass and spontaneous physical activity could be mediated in part by GIP signaling....

Promiscuous multi-agonists that simultaneously activate two or three key receptors (incretin- and/or glucagon receptor) were recently shown to improve glycemic control in mice. Here we investigated the underlying mechanisms of multi-agonists to enhance insulin secretion in murine islets and human pancreatic β-cells. These mixed agonists display a greater potency in cAMP signaling as compared to the native incretins. However, pharmacological blockade of cAMP signaling only...